Oracle 数据库 12 c 多租户选项允许单个容器数据库 （CDB） 来承载多个单独的可插拔数据库 (PDB)。

那么我们如何连接到容器数据库 (CDB) 和可插拔数据库 (PDB)。

1. V$SERVICES视图可以显示数据库中的可用服务。

SQL> col pdb for a40

SQL> col name for a30;

SELECT name, pdb FROM v$services ORDER BY name;SQL> 

NAME       PDB

------------------------------ ----------------------------------------

SYS$BACKGROUND       CDB$ROOT

SYS$USERS       CDB$ROOT

andycdb       CDB$ROOT

andycdbXDB       CDB$ROOT

pdb01       PDB01

-- lsnrctl实用程序显示可用的服务。

[oracle@12c01 ~]$ lsnrctl status

Listening Endpoints Summary...

  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=12c01)(PORT=1521)))

Services Summary...

Service "4ecf8621e3da38eee0531019640aa598" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "andycdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "andycdb" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "andycdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "andycdbXDB" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "andycdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

Service "pdb01" has 1 instance(s).

  Instance "andycdb", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

The command completed successfully

2.直接连接到一个容器数据库 (CDB)

连接到数据库的根容器和连接以前版本的单个数据库实例相同。在数据库服务器上，您可以使用操作系统身份验证。

方法一：

[oracle@12c01 ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba   

方法二：

或者 tnsnames.ora 文件配置

ANDYCDB =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 12c01)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = andycdb)

    )

  )

C:\Users\andy>sqlplus sys/oracle@10.100.25.16:1521/andycdb as sysdba

 

3.直接连接到一个可插拔的数据库 (PDB)

 tnsnames.ora 文件配置：

PDB01 =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.100.25.16)(PORT = 1521))

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SERVER = DEDICATED)

      (SERVICE_NAME = pdb01)

    )

  )

C:\Users\andy>sqlplus sys/oracle@10.100.25.16:1521/pdb01 as sysdba

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME

------------------------------

PDB01

说明：PDB 具有 SYSDBA、 SYSOPER、 SYSBACKUP 或 SYSDG 特权的用户可以连接到已关闭的 PDB。

PDB 的所有其他用户（CONNECT SESSION权限的用户）仅可以连接已经打开的PDB。

4. 容器之间切换

SQL> ALTER SESSION SET container=pdb01;

Session altered.

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME

------------------------------

PDB01

SQL> alter session set container=cdb$root;

Session altered.

SQL> show con_name

CON_NAME

------------------------------

CDB$ROOT